At SfN 2007, Professor Sebastian Seung gave a wonderful talk that included Connectomics.
A recent press article from MIT’s Technology Review gives more detail including an amazing movie about "the emerging field of connectomics could help researchers decode the brain’s approach to information processing". Here is the excerpt:
"New technologies that allow scientists to trace the fine wiring of the brain more accurately than ever before could soon generate a complete wiring diagram–including every tiny fiber and miniscule connection–of a piece of brain. Dubbed connectomics, these maps could uncover how neural networks perform their precise functions in the brain, and they could shed light on disorders thought to originate from faulty wiring, such as autism and schizophrenia."