Last year, Larry Abbott wrote a beautiful review article summarising the explosive growth in theoretical neuroscience over the past 20 years. I really enjoyed the paper.
Abstract: Theoretical neuroscience has experienced explosive growth over the past 20 years. In addition to bringing new researchers into the field with backgrounds in physics, mathematics, computer science, and engineering, theoretical approaches have helped to introduce new ideas and shape directions of neuroscience research. This review presents some of the developments that have occurred and the lessons they have taught us.